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AMERICA  THE  BEAUTIFUL

"No man is an island entire unto itself; every man is a piece of the Continent, a  part of the main; if a clod be washed away by the Sea, Europe is the less, as well as if a Promontory were, as if a Manor of thy friends were, or of thine own were; any man's death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankind; And therefor never send to know for whom the bell tolls; it tolls for thee."  
---  from Devotions, XVII, John Donne

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  !     Rescuer of the Year :       Nancy May and Shalla     !
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2001-  J-0  F-2  M-  5   A-11   M-   8  J- 6 [32]   J-  6   A-3   S-2   O-  2  [45]  N-5   D-?  [50]
2000-  J-2  F-4  M-  9   A-13   M- 14  J- 7 [49]   J-  3   A-2   S-9   O-  7  [70]  N-0   D-0  [70]
1999-  J-1  F-1  M-15   A-  4   M- 11  J- 8 [40]   J-  6   A-9   S-9   O-13  [77]  N-7   D-2  [86]
1998-  J-0  F-1  M-  5   A-18   M- 15  J- 3 [42]   J-10   A-2   S-4   O-  9  [67]  N-3   D-1  [71]  
1997-  J-4  F-6  M-10   A-  8   M- 16  J- 9 [53]   J-  4   A-6   S-5   O-  9  [77]  N-8   D-0  [85]            
1996-  J-4  F-5  M-  2   A-12   M- 14  J- 7 [44]   J-  5   A-5   S-5   O-  6  [65]  N-9   D-4  [78] 

Three books of interest to boatmen with an amateur's curiosity about fluvial dynamics have appeared in the last five years: Dennis & Wolff's Bird in the Waterfall (which, for me, contained the marvelous fact that water attains its max density at 39 degrees, and that for every degree warmer from there up to 62 degrees, it increases one-half percent in velocity, so that a river at 62 flows 15% faster than at 39, all other matters being constant); E. C. Pielou's odd but useful volume, Fresh Water; and now a wonderful, even literary work by Philip Ball, Life's Matrix: A Biography of Water.

"A helicopter is thousands of individual parts flying in close formation, on hope."     Chuck Hassen

01- 42     9- 13- 01     Broken Cowboy     Top of Sego Canyon     Book Cliffs
     A cowboy got bucked off his horse and landed on his head.  Bonk.
     Deputies responded with Pace doing land speed records.  Search and Rescue responded.  Care Flight from Grand Junction responded.  It was uncertain what the weather would be up there in the gathering darkness.
     Care Flight and Pace were first and the cowboy was flown away.  Frank provided LZ coordinates to the helo from laptop mapping programs.
Comments:
Responders:  Sam, Bego, Steve, Frank, Lee, Jim, Frankie

01- 43     9- 19- 01     Broken Leg     On the sand dune up on Moab Rim
     Some Peace Officers from all over the country were doing a nighttime bicycle exercise up on the Moab Rim, led by City Officer Shumway.  An 8 year veteran from the Metro Dade Police (Florida) did something and broke her leg.
     We responded with the Polaris Ranger up the Moab Rim jeep trail and a Stokes litter with wheel up the Moab Skyway chairlift.  Both teams arrived on top at about the same time and we proceeded to the sand dune a mile and a half away.
     She was transported by Ranger to the top of the chairlift and taken down to the ambulance that way.
Comments:  Hooray for Emmett Mays and his crew for opening the lift at 11:30 pm.  Moab Skyway chairlift is a great tool for Moab Rim rescues.
Responders:  Sam, Nancy, Bego, Jeff, Lee, Frankie

01- 44     10- 18- 01     Broken Leg     Fins and Things
     A gal from Colorado was motor biking around a dirt corner and biffed it, breaking her ankle and wrist.
     We responded to the Sand Flats Road but didn't know yet if this accident was on Fins and Things South or North.  We headed south cuz Zane was there.  Shortly later 13 B 62 located our subject, not far down hill from the radio tower on the F & T north trail.
     The EMT's fixed her up and we Rangered  her to the Ambulance.
Comments:  She was a very brave patient.
Responders: Rex, Frank, Sam, Bego, Jeff, Matt, Lee, Jennie, Dean, 13B62

01- 45     10- 20- 01     Search     Island in the Sky     Upheaval Dome
     Nancy and Shalla were called out to assist the Park Service in searching for an elderly man hiker.  They were 10-22'd before reaching the field.
Comments: 
Responders:  Nancy and Shalla

Steve Swanke's version:     NPS Search     Island in the Sky

Marvin Kimsey, 73 years of age and from Cedaredge, Colorado got lost in the Upheaval Dome area of the Island in the Sky district of Canyonlands National Park on the afternoon of Friday, October 19, 2001.  Kimsey departed the Upheaval Dome trailhead at approximately 3:00 pm for a short hike. 

He had hiked to the overlook, then came back down and started to do the loop clockwise.  Hiked a ways and didn't like the loop so thought he would cross country back to the overlook trail for access back to the trailhead when he got lost.
 
He was lightly dressed and carried no food or water.  His wife, Barbara, decided not to hike with Marvin and stayed at the Upheaval Dome Trailhead.  At 9:30 pm Barbara called 911 and reported Marvin as an overdue hiker.  

A tracking team consisting of Rangers Gary Salamacha and Paul Downey were immediately dispatched to Upheaval Dome.  They located a footprint and tracked Kimsey throughout the night.  In the early morning they abandoned their tracking efforts because of the difficulty of tracking in rocky areas in the dark.  At first light a fresh tracking team and a hasty search team were dispatched to the Upheaval Dome area.  Rangers Murray Shoemaker and Steve Young continued tracking where Rangers Salamcha and Downey terminated their efforts and located Kimsey within two hours. Kimsey was dehydrated, hungry and tired but in otherwise good condition. After eating and drinking Kimsey was able to hike the 1 1/4 miles from his location to the Upheaval Dome trailhead. 
Point located:      UTM:   E  05 92 389  x  N 42 54 328.

At approximately 5:00 pm on Friday afternoon Kimsey determined that he was lost and probably would spend the night out.  He found a shallow overhang and made preparations for the night.  He knew that continued hiking was not in his best interest.  He attempted to start a fire using the battery from his digital camera, but was unsuccessful.  At first light he hiked to high ground and sat down, wishing that he would soon be found.  His wish came true. 

The high temperature during the search was approximately 69 degrees and the low temperature was approximately 49 degrees.  Fourteen personnel were involved in the search effort.  A helicopter, additional personnel and three search dog teams were on stand by.

Steve Swanke     RISKY District Ranger     Canyonlands National Park

Team Skills Rescue Seminar presented by Ropes That Rescue from Sedona, Arizona, Oct. 29-Nov. 4, 2001
Instructors: Reed Thorne and Pat Rhodes

From Frank Mendonca, Training Officer, Grand County Search and Rescue:

The Team Skills Rescue Seminar was enjoyably challenging.  Too often, we teach our teams how to do something without teaching them why we do it a particular way.  Reed and Pat spent a lot of time explaining the "why" behind the "how."  Without understanding the physics behind a procedure, many teams are unable to adapt their rigging to non-textbook rescue scenarios.  If we were exposed to procedures in the seminar that differed from our SOPs, instructors supported the RTR procedures with exceptionally sound mathematical and practical justification.  Comparative analysis of various systems was enlightening...especially in terms of redundantitis and overkill (i.e., backing up bombproof anchors and tying load-sharing anchors with 7/16" or larger rope).

Before venturing into the field with our new Arizona Vortex, class members (consisting of NPS employees from Canyonlands, Arches, Yellowstone and Dinosaur National Parks, two employees of  Petzl America, and Frank and T-Berry from GCSAR) spent about three days at NPS headquarters studying the physics, mathematics, theories, etc., behind rescue rigging practices.  We set up and analyzed numerous pulley systems.  A timed exercise in setting up various simple, compound, and complex pulley systems was particularly enjoyable. 

Once we got into the field, we spent long hours rigging for various rescue scenarios...from steep angle to high angle...using artificial high directionals such as the Vortex.  We practiced litter "scoops" of an injured subject hanging mid-face.  We rigged several focused, floating anchors...an interesting exercise in itself...with backties, oppositions, etc.  We practiced various offsets and deflections... culminating in a two-rope offset across a 400-foot wide canyon...including a deflection on the final exercise.

Many of the things learned in the class will soon be passed on to members of our rock rescue team.  Since the training, we've purchased two new large Petzl IDs, the Traverse Titan litter, numerous single and double-sheave pulleys, a couple of rigging plates, and several spools of 9mm accessory cord and webbing.  I'm excited about the possibilities we now have with the Vortex...it really does reduce "edge trauma"...for rescuers, rescuees, and associated equipment.  As more members are trained in its use, I hope it will become a regularly used piece of equipment at technical rescues.

We'll also be adopting the AZTEK kits...a simple, but ingenious and useful tool.  We've bought nine kits for members of our rock team.

Perhaps the best thing I can say about the intensive (76 hours in 7 days) training is that, at the end of the week, I was a better rigger...and a smarter rigger.


E-mail received from Reed:

Yo everyone!

Pat and I just wanted to relay to ALL of you fine people at the National Park Service, PETZL and Grand County Rescue  THANKS for your hard work and inspiration in the 1st annual Arches National Park Team Skills Rescue Seminar! Thanks again to Gary who did a SUPER job arranging this program. Also, a big thanks to Grand County SAR for letting us play with their AZ Vortex! (Frank, are you absolutely sure that you don't want to trade?) We were amazed at the hospitality by all of you and we certainly would say that this was a very successful seminar in terms of skills learned and by the scope of the information covered.  Getting through all the major offsets was a major feat in itself but we did it safely and in good form. Thanks for spending the time after the sun had long gone down. I know that some of you had a tough time with that and we really appreciate your sticking it out to the end.

Ropes That Rescue will be featuring some of the magnificent photos of you all working on our web site soon. I will keep you posted as to progress there.  Also, your hats are finished next week so I will send them out with each persons name on them as you requested.

Remember, get rid of those blasted old, aging anchor ropes!  Go with webbing!
Enjoyed EVERYONE and we hope we see some of you again in another program in Utah.

All the best,

Reed Thorne

ROPES THAT RESCUE LIMITED
http://www.ropesthatrescue.com/
reed@ropesthatrescue.com

01- 46     11- 2- 01     Porcupine Rim      3 local boys didn't Hug a Tree
     Started out as a possible broken arm "in the middle of the trail."  Is that in the middle of the jeep "trail" or the middle of the single track "trail?"  The initial information was sparse, imprecise and changed alot in the first 45 minutes.
     Four wheelers, the Ranger and Ambulance 502 were sent out.  The boys didn't stay put.  They had walked to the beginning of the single track.
Comments:
Responders:  Rex, Sam, Lee, Jim, Mandy, Frankie, Kevin, Frank

01- 47     11- 4- 01     Porcupine Rim     1 Brit did Hug a Tree
     Got H2O?  This guy decided he was lost and remembered the Got H20 poster he read at Moab Diner.  The part that says If You Are Lost-- Stop-- Hug a Tree.
     A group of Brits planned to do the mountain portion of the Kokopelli Bike Trail.  Coming down Sand Flats Road from above, they turned on to the upper approach to Porcupine Rim.  At the next intersection, one guy turned left instead of right.  He wound up a mile and a half down the lower  jeep road going toward Fins and Things.  But he stopped and stayed there. Nice.
Comments:  A whole subplot developed later.  What are Guides?  What constitutes good guiding?
Responders:  Rex, Brad, Frank, Sam, Matt, TBerry, Dave, Frankie

01- 48     11- 11- 01     Long Canyon Car Wreck
     This is bizzare.  This dude was descending Long Canyon in his truck when it ran out of gas just below the tunnel rock.  He turned the key off to restart the engine but the steering column locked and off the road he went.  Could have been a big ride but a rock stopped him abruptly and he injured (broke?) his leg.  He figured to spend the night at his truck and went in search of firewood.  Some how he ended up way down the slope and fell over a 40 foot cliff, breaking both legs, one badly.  A few feet from the canyon bottom and out of sight of the road.
     He spent Friday night there with a small fire.  Saturday afternoon some bikers rode by his truck on their way to camp at the top of the canyon.  They heard strange noises that night.
     Next morning, Sunday, they went to investigate the noises and found the guy, 300 feet downslope in the bottom of the wash.
     EMTs and GCSAR responded.  Ruling out a technical raise up the steep, loose talus and cliff bands as too dangerous, we put a wheel under the Stokes litter and wheeled him down canyon to the next switchback in the road.  Much safer.
     Care Flight from Grand Junction, pilot Bill Reed, landed on the road and away he flew.
Comments: 
Responders:  Rex, Brad, Frank, Sam, Bego, Steve, Dean, Kevin & Rig Master Gary Haynes.

01- 49     11- 16- 01     Ankle bad angle     SRBT
     At first, the RP said the injured subject just wanted assistance getting from the Practice Loop back to the parking lot.  Didn't want an ambulance cuz of the cost.
     Here again, we don't respond to medical stuff without the ambulance coming also.
     A short while later, the Ambulance and SAR were paged and we did our thing.
Comments:
Responders:  Rex, Sam, TBerry, Jeff, Bego

01- 50     11- 17- 01     Technical Rock Rescue at Hole 6, Moab Golf Course
     Quite a story:  HE is at the Branding Iron after too many beers.  SHE offers to drive him home.  He has a jeep.  She decides to drive him home via Steelbender Jeep Trail.  THEY get stuck way back there.  They decide to hike straight towards town... in the dark. 
     So, across Mill Creek and up on to Johnsons Up on the Top.  On the town side of Johnsons, they manage to down climb some very steep and loose stuff and arrive on a small ledge at 3:30 am.  At first light, they yelled for help.
     GCSAR responded to the men's T at Hole 6.  A short walk to the cliff revealed the problem.  A team of 2 rescuers ascended moderate rock up to the subjects.  Two bolts were placed and TBerry lowered the somewhat cold subjects down to safety.
Comments:  A few other interesting twists in the story might not want to be in print.
Responders:  TBerry, Bego, Rex, Sam, Frankie, Dave, Frank, Jeff, Nancy, Lee

Notes from the 2001 International Technical Rescue Symposium        November 2-4, 2001           Golden, Colorado
Sent by Gary Haynes

Accidents In Mountain Rescue       Charley Shimanski, American Alpine Club/MRA
     "This program is designed to study and learn from accidents that have occurred during the last fifty years of mountain rescue operations.  Through a careful analysis of these accidents, we can identify improvements and enhancements to our operating and management guidelines."
     "Through countless hours of research into dozens of accidents in mountain rescue operations, it has become clear that most (mountain rescue) accidents fall into four basic categories:

1. Aircraft Accidents      2. Operator Error     3. Equipment Failure     4. Mother Nature

     "The most common accident that results in injuries or death in mountain rescues is the aircraft accident- in particular, helicopter accidents.  Ken Phillips, Search and Rescue Coordinator at Grand Canyon National Park, has studied helicopter accidents in detail.  In his recent study, he found that nearly one in three EMS/SAR helicopter accidents involved a condition known as Inadvertent Meteorological Conditions (IMC)- bad weather and/or poor visibility.  Phillips also gives important consideration to the "need for speed" that often results in the use of helicopters for patient evacuation or rescuer transportation in mountain SAR's."
     Shimanski quotes my own report:  "According to a study in Prehospital Care and Disaster Medicine, "code three" responses change patient outcome in less than 5% of all ambulance calls.  If we initiate emergency responses with rescue helicopters in an equally aggressive manner, then we are undoubtedly putting air crews at unacceptable risks, when it will have no bearing on the outcome.  Developing "helicopter discipline" is an essential skill of all personnel involved in helicopter rescue operations."
     "Human error accounts for the greatest majority of all aircraft accidents and surprisingly many of these accidents are initiated from outside the cockpit. (Phillips, Ken, SAR Coordinator, Grand Canyon   National Park, Keeping The Skies Safe, 1996)"
     "Data from Butch Farabee's exhausting research into National Park Service rescue accidents indicates that rescue death from helicopter accidents far out-paced all other causes of death."
      Rescuer Fatalities By Accident Type       National Park Service  1925-2001 (Total Number = 31)
      1.      Rotary Wing Crash- 38%
      2.      Fall- 23%
      3.      Fixed Wing Crash- 13%
      4.      Drowning- 13%
      5.      Suffocation- 10%
      6.       Medical- 3%                      Source: Death, Daring and Disaster; Charles R. "Butch" Farabee

Included here are three summaries from his report.

Fall From The Hell Hole-  
"On January 7, 1975, while responding to the crash of a fixed wing aircraft, Seattle Mountain Rescue

Council's Al Givler was being lowered through the belly of a CH-47 Chinook using a hoist cable and horse-collar.  He was also wearing his backpack at the time of the lowering." "In the middle of the lowering, high winds forced the crew to reverse the hoist in an attempt to raise Givler back into the helicopter.  During the raising, the combination of the backpack and the horse-collar pinched a nerve in Givler's upper body, causing him to lose all sensation in his arms. Just as rescuers on board the helicopter began to pull Givler aboard, he slipped and fell 150 feet from the helicopter landing on his back.  The Chinook landed nearby and dropped off the three other rescuers, who reached Givler and found him conscious, but bleeding from the ears.  Miraculously Givler suffered only a basal skull fracture. He never lost consciousness."

Litter Spin Ejects Patient-   
 "On December 9, 1989, 9 year-old Debbie Baisa fell in the Franklin Mountains outside El Paso, Texas, while hiking with her family.  She had sprained her ankle." "Six rescuers reached the girl at dusk and strapped her in a Thompson (solid plastic) litter and tried unsuccessfully, to carry her down the steep slope on foot.  They requested a hoist extraction.  Once over the scene, the (MAST) helicopter crew determined the area unsuitable for landing, and a medic was lowered by hoist.  The medic then notified the pilot that the litter and patient were ready for hoist operation.  As the litter was lifted it immediately began to spin, and at 30 feet above the ground, the patient was ejected, feet first, from the litter." The patient was again hoisted into the helicopter.  She suffered numerous injuries from her fall, including head and internal injuries, a fractured pelvis and several ribs.  She spent four months in a body cast."

Rescuer Injured By Falling Hang-Glider-
"In June 1986, a novice hang-glider (pilot) crashed into a steep grassy Colorado slope, just * mile from a road.  While paramedics attended to the patient, one courageous firefighter held onto the hang-glider itself, so that it would not blow onto rescuers or tumble down the slope.  Suddenly a large gust of wind ripped the hang-glider from the slope and the firefighter, along with the hang-glider, were launched over the cliff. Fellow rescuer's ran to Tom Young's aid and found him unresponsive, and without a pulse or respirations.  Attempts at CPR were successful at restoring Young's pulse, however he was unable to breath on his own.  Spinal assessment later revealed a broken cervical spine with an impaired spinal cord." "Rescuer Tom Young is now a quadriplegic.  An active father, and community member, Young has remained with his fire department to this day- and has proven to be an inspiration for his community, young and old alike."



How strong is it? Would you hang on it? (A Vector Formula )   Bruce Smith, On Rope 1

     A quick presentation on application of a "standard trigonometry" formula that can easily be applied in rescue rigging applications. This vector formula allows you to quickly solve what the individual leg tension will be on a line under tension such as in a highline application.

LEG TENSION =    FORCE   X   SPAN    divided by    DEFLECTION  X  4
 
Silt Editor's notes:  1)  The proper term for suspended distance is DEFLECTION.
2)  You can work this equation another way--  Plug in the max leg tension your system will be able to tolerate, the force and the span and solve for the deflection you HAVE to have to keep the desired safety margin.
Example:   Would you hang on it?  A 1 kN subject is planning on hanging midway on a 120 ft. span with a 10 foot suspended distance.  The 11mm rope is rated to 27 kN.

Ø      What is the leg tension?   (30 kN)                        Ø      Will the line hold?  (No)

This formula is handy for field applications requiring a quick decision under pressure.  Bruce mentioned how he testified in a "billboard accident" in Texas, where an injured billboard worker was hanging in a harness suspended midway on a safety cable, which was anchored at either end.  The worker had fallen from his work platform and was hanging inaccessible from the ground.  The responding rescuers could not decide if the safety cable would handle the additional weight of rescuer in order to retrieve the injured worker.


Fall Factors And Life Safety Ropes        Chuck Weber, Quality Manager, Pigeon Mountain Industries
     This presentation was based upon a study of 162 drop tests and slow pull tests performed to examine trends in fall factors associated with life safety ropes.  The application of the fall factor formula (fall factor = distance fallen divided by amount of rope used to arrest the fall) is accurate when applied to dynamic (high stretch) rope.  However, "it was observed though testing (low stretch or static rope) that measured impact forces for any given Fall Factor increases versus stays the same as the length of drop/rope increased."
DEFINITIONS:
Low Stretch Rope: rope elongation greater than 6% and less than 10% at 10% of its minimum breaking strength.
Static Rope: A rope with a maximum elongation of 6% at 10% of its minimum breaking strength.
Dynamic Mountaineering Rope: Rope capable of arresting a free fall of a climber with a limited impact force.

The existing NFPA guidelines provide the restriction that rescue rigging  limits the potential Fall Factor to W 0.25.
SUMMARY:
Ø      Dynamic mountaineering rope follows the Fall Factor model, however static/low-stretch rope does not follow this model.
Ø      For all static and low-stretch ropes tested, the results indicate that the impact forces do increase as the length of rope and fall increase for any given fall factor.
Ø      The reassuring news for the rope-rescue professional is that this "trend" is much smaller and arguably insignificant in FF 0.25, which is a much more realistic FF that could be experience in the field.
Ø      Knots are significant energy absorbers compared to the rope itself.


Failure Mechanisms             Dr. Michael Callahan, Rescue Medicine

A retrospective study conducted by "Rescue Medicine" of Denver, CO., which involved review of climbing accidents in USA (Yosemite, Smith Rocks & Shawangunks), Canada and Europe. Database used involves 4000 climbing accident reports.
     Broke out the accidents by degree of difficulty into three categories
                                1.      <5.8,                          2.      5.9 to 5.10c                       3.      >5.11.
The majority of the accidents occur in the middle category (5.9 to 5.10c).
Ø      Concluded that fewer entry-level climbers are getting hurt.
Ø      Entry level climbers are progressing quickly to higher grades.
Ø      Some equipment failures were shown, but several of the incidents involved misuse or poor placement of equipment.
Ø      Concluded that human error was the usual case of climbing accidents in the study.


Standards Update:
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)- An important item of note is that NFPA is now currently working on a wilderness search standard.
ASTM F32 (SAR) Subcommittee-   In the works are performance guides for Wilderness Land Search Team Member and Wilderness Rescue Team Member.
      Level I rescuers following the ASTM standard will posses basic knowledge of wilderness rescue equipment, as well as personal survival, first aid, weather, navigation, and more. This standard is a counterpart to ASTM F1633, Standard Guide for Techniques in Land Search, created in 1997.
     The Level II standard will define intermediate knowledge and skills required for land wilderness rescue. These standards, which have an estimated completion date of early next year, will benefit the National Fire Protection Association, Mountain Rescue Association, and National Association for Search and Rescue.

For a list of ASTM F32 accomplishments and projects in the works refer to the following website:
http://www.members.aol.com/mgmsar/f32home.htm
New Things:      PMI Rope announced production of glow-in-the-dark cordage.

Multimillion-Dollar Claim Filed By Wayments Against Searchers  
      
      (c) 2001, THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE          Wednesday,   November 21, 2001           BY JIM WOOLF                     

Gage Wayment, 2, died in the mountains near Coalville in October 2000. His grandmother has filed a multimillion-dollar claim against searchers.

         COALVILLE -- The family of 2-year-old Gage Wayment, who froze to death last year in the mountains where his grieving father later committed suicide, has filed a multimillion-dollar claim against those involved in the search for the youngster.
          Family members contend that searchers who spent six days, starting on Oct. 26, 2000, scouring the mountains east of Coalville for the child were "negligent," and that had they "conducted an appropriate and proper search . . . Gage Wayment would have been discovered prior to his death."
          That alleged negligence caused the boy's father, Paul Wayment, so much "grief and stress" that he killed himself on July 17, 2001, the claim contends. The family seeks more than $1 million in damages for each death.
          "We obviously disagree with the claim," Deputy Summit County Attorney Dave Thomas said Tuesday. "The county attorney's office will recommend against paying any of this claim."
          If the claim is denied, the family could file a lawsuit and ask a judge to decide the issue. The filing of a claim prior to a lawsuit is mandated by state law in this type of case.
          Barry N. Johnson, attorney for the Wayment family, declined to discuss the issue Tuesday.
          The formal "notice of claim" was dated Oct. 26, 2001, and sent to Summit, Salt Lake, Wasatch and Weber counties, which all sent search and rescue crews to look for Gage Wayment.
          The Salt Lake Tribune received a copy of the notice Tuesday from Summit County after filing a request under the Utah Government Records Access Management Act.
          The Wayment story began Oct. 26, 2000, when Paul Wayment took his son out for a ride in the mountains about eight miles east of Coalville to scout for deer. The father said he left the boy alone in the truck for about a half hour. Gage was gone when he returned.
          The child, whose frozen body was found six days later by a volunteer, under a blanket of snow, had worn through the feet of his pajamas trying to find his father.
          Paul Wayment later was charged with negligent homicide for failing to take proper care of his child and was sentenced to 30 days in jail on July 17, 2001. But rather than turning himself in at the Summit County Jail, he killed himself near where his son's body was found.
          The claim is filed on behalf of Carol Wayment -- Paul's mother and Gage's grandmother.
          "Specifically, the responsible parties failed to use well-known and established search and rescue techniques and further failed to use readily available technology and resources, including properly trained dogs, in their search," the claim contends.       Silt 01- 5, p 9
          "Additionally, the responsible parties unfairly focused their efforts on Paul Wayment as a potential criminal suspect rather than focus on locating Gage Wayment, thus wasting precious time and resources that could have been used to locate Gage Wayment," it said.
          The mention of search dogs apparently refers to Summit County's use of animals from its own relatively new search-dog program instead of calling in animals from Rocky Mountain Rescue Dogs, an established private group the county called in the past.

#00-5 (Sept.-Oct. 2000) Brad finds a son; a relatively quiet couple of months.
#00-4 (July-August2000) -- Airplane crash, a note from Colin, the search for Jeff Firak
#00-3  (Apr-June2000) -- Stuck on the Tombstone, the usual lost and dried bikers, Chris's Mill Creek adventure, Clinton stabilizes Frank's porch
#00-1,2,&2.5 (Jan-Apr2000) -- Nathan jumps, Matt splats, waiting for high water, confluence disappears, Mill Creek wall strike

#99-5 (Sept-Dec99) -- The "Mari" incident, Westwater drowning, Jeeping off Gemini, Stuck on Fine Jade
#99-4 (July - August 99) -- NPS Whitewater Rescues; Prepare Fair; Tracking by Sgt.Green; Credit for responding, finishing the job; Air Life's preferred radio freq; The Puke Frog returns; Lightning
#99-3 (May-June 99) -- Cataract High; Web rescue; Disaster Brothers; Search Training; Short Haul at altitude; Leadership; Rescue: Who pays
#99-2 (Mar-Apr 99) -- River Peak Flow Forecast; Arches Rock Rescue; Lift Evacuation Team; Huge Fund Raiser; Thanks Brad; Knotcraft
#99-1 (Jan-Feb 99) -- Adventure; "Too Short"; Gary Haynes; Evac Team Paid Now

#98-6 (Nov-Dec 98) -- Thanks Yous; Tramway and rescue plans; Cellular Phonefinder; Practice Safe Response; Pipeline Go BOOM
#98-5 (Sept-Oct 98) -- Credit for Responding; Colin Smith @ NPS SAR; Response Statistics; Old Men Do Cliff ResQ; Documentation; SLTrib: $ for SAR
#98-4 (July-Aug 98)
#98-3 (May-June 98)
#98-2 (Mar-Apr 98)
#98-1 (Jan-Feb 98)

#97-6 (Nov-Dec 97)
#97-5 (Sept-Oct 97)
#97-4 (July-Aug 97)
#97-3 (May-June 97)
#97-2 (Mar-Apr 97)
#97-1 (Jan-Feb 97)